Book I : Bala Kanda - Book Of Youthful Majesties
भ्रातरौ स्वर संपन्नौ ददर्श आश्रम वासिनौ || १-४-५
5. kushii lavau tu = Kusha, Lava, but; dharmaj~nau = virtue-knowers raaja putrau = princes; yashasvinau = glorious ones; svara sampannau = with melodious voice, endowed with; bhratrau = brothers; aashrama vaasinau = [the same] hermitage, residents of; [Valmiki] dadarsha = seen;
Glorious Kusha and Lava are the virtue knowing princes, and they are endowed with melodious voice, besides being the residents of the same hermitage, thus Valmiki saw them saluting at his feet. [1-4-5]
स तु मेधाविनौ दृष्ट्वा वेदेषु परिनिष्टितौ |
वेदोपबृंहणार्थाय तौ अग्राहयत प्रभुः || १-४-६
6. prabhuH = self-reliant sage; saH = he, Valmiki; medhavinau = intellectual pair; vedeshu pariniSTitau = in Vedas, proficient; dR^iSTvaa = having seen; veda upa bR^imhaNa arthaya [ kathitam kaavyam] = to Veda-s, as ancillary, reinforcement, aiming at [rendered, epic]; tau a graahayata = them two, made to receive [epic to memorise].
On seeing that pair intellectuals who are proficient in Veda-s that self-reliant sage Valmiki made those two to memorize the epic, as the epic Ramayana is composed only to reinforce the import of Veda-s, as an ancillary. [1-4-6]
काव्यम् रामायणम् कृत्स्नम् सीतायाः चरितम् महत् |
पौलस्त्य वधम् इति एवम् चकार चरित व्रतः || १-४-७
7. charitra vrata = sage who observed all sacred vows; kR^itsnam kaavyam = to entire, epic; raamaayaNam = Ramayana; siithayaH charitam mahat = Seetha's, legend, sublime; poulastya vadham = Ravana's, elimination; iti = thus [naming]; evam cakaara = that way, made, rendered.
That sage with observed sacred vows has rendered the entire epic in the name of 'Ramayana', 'Sublime Legend of Seetha' and 'elimination of Ravana'. [1-4-7]
Seetha's conduct is the primary aspect and Ravana's elimination is secondary in the epic of Ramayana. poulasthya vadha . Giving one to many names to poem/epics is usual as in maagha kaavya' which is known as shishupaala vadha whereas it is actually kRishNa carita .
पाठ्ये गेये च मथुरम् प्रमाणैः त्रिभिर् अन्वितम् |
जातिभिः सप्तभिः युक्तम् तन्त्री लय समन्वितम् ||१-४-८
8. paaThye geye madhuram = to read, to sing, melodious; pramaaNaiH tri bhiH anvitam = scales, in three, kinds, adaptable; jaatibhiH saptabhiH baddham = classification, sevenfold, orchestral; tantrii laya samanvitam = string-instrument, rhythm, included.
To read or to sing it is melodious, adaptable to music with three scales and sevenfold tune, and orchestral to the tunes of string-instrument and rhythm included... [1-4-8]
The three Indian scale pauses are dRita, madhyama, vilambita . These though not equal but identical to Breve, Minim and Quaver of Western classical music. The seven fold classifications of swara-s are 1] shadja [2] madhyama [3] gaandhara [4] niSaada [5] RiSabha [6] dhaitava [7] pa~nchama . These are roughly identical to Accelerando, Calando, Decresando, Smorzando, Sostentuo, and others of Western classical music.
कुशी लवौ तु धर्मज्ञौ राज पुत्रौ यशश्विनौ |
भ्रातरौ स्वर संपन्नौ ददर्श आश्रम वासिनौ || १-४-५
भ्रातरौ स्वर संपन्नौ ददर्श आश्रम वासिनौ || १-४-५
5. kushii lavau tu = Kusha, Lava, but; dharmaj~nau = virtue-knowers raaja putrau = princes; yashasvinau = glorious ones; svara sampannau = with melodious voice, endowed with; bhratrau = brothers; aashrama vaasinau = [the same] hermitage, residents of; [Valmiki] dadarsha = seen;
Glorious Kusha and Lava are the virtue knowing princes, and they are endowed with melodious voice, besides being the residents of the same hermitage, thus Valmiki saw them saluting at his feet. [1-4-5]
स तु मेधाविनौ दृष्ट्वा वेदेषु परिनिष्टितौ |
वेदोपबृंहणार्थाय तौ अग्राहयत प्रभुः || १-४-६
वेदोपबृंहणार्थाय तौ अग्राहयत प्रभुः || १-४-६
6. prabhuH = self-reliant sage; saH = he, Valmiki; medhavinau = intellectual pair; vedeshu pariniSTitau = in Vedas, proficient; dR^iSTvaa = having seen; veda upa bR^imhaNa arthaya [ kathitam kaavyam] = to Veda-s, as ancillary, reinforcement, aiming at [rendered, epic]; tau a graahayata = them two, made to receive [epic to memorise].
On seeing that pair intellectuals who are proficient in Veda-s that self-reliant sage Valmiki made those two to memorize the epic, as the epic Ramayana is composed only to reinforce the import of Veda-s, as an ancillary. [1-4-6]
काव्यम् रामायणम् कृत्स्नम् सीतायाः चरितम् महत् |
पौलस्त्य वधम् इति एवम् चकार चरित व्रतः || १-४-७
पौलस्त्य वधम् इति एवम् चकार चरित व्रतः || १-४-७
7. charitra vrata = sage who observed all sacred vows; kR^itsnam kaavyam = to entire, epic; raamaayaNam = Ramayana; siithayaH charitam mahat = Seetha's, legend, sublime; poulastya vadham = Ravana's, elimination; iti = thus [naming]; evam cakaara = that way, made, rendered.
That sage with observed sacred vows has rendered the entire epic in the name of 'Ramayana', 'Sublime Legend of Seetha' and 'elimination of Ravana'. [1-4-7]
Seetha's conduct is the primary aspect and Ravana's elimination is secondary in the epic of Ramayana. poulasthya vadha . Giving one to many names to poem/epics is usual as in maagha kaavya' which is known as shishupaala vadha whereas it is actually kRishNa carita .
पाठ्ये गेये च मथुरम् प्रमाणैः त्रिभिर् अन्वितम् |
जातिभिः सप्तभिः युक्तम् तन्त्री लय समन्वितम् ||१-४-८
जातिभिः सप्तभिः युक्तम् तन्त्री लय समन्वितम् ||१-४-८
8. paaThye geye madhuram = to read, to sing, melodious; pramaaNaiH tri bhiH anvitam = scales, in three, kinds, adaptable; jaatibhiH saptabhiH baddham = classification, sevenfold, orchestral; tantrii laya samanvitam = string-instrument, rhythm, included.
To read or to sing it is melodious, adaptable to music with three scales and sevenfold tune, and orchestral to the tunes of string-instrument and rhythm included... [1-4-8]
The three Indian scale pauses are dRita, madhyama, vilambita . These though not equal but identical to Breve, Minim and Quaver of Western classical music. The seven fold classifications of swara-s are 1] shadja [2] madhyama [3] gaandhara [4] niSaada [5] RiSabha [6] dhaitava [7] pa~nchama . These are roughly identical to Accelerando, Calando, Decresando, Smorzando, Sostentuo, and others of Western classical music.
No comments:
Post a Comment